1 2676-4393 Iranian Scientific Nursing Association in collaboration with School of Nursing and Midwifery 190 General Investigating the level of perceived social support and its predictive factors in cancer patients in Kerman: A cross-sectional study Momeni Mohsen b Rahimpour Fatemeh c Danaei Mina d b Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran c Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran d Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran 1 4 2024 3 1 1 12 25 09 2024 26 12 2024 Introduction: Cancer causes a lot of stress in a person's life. One of the most important ways to deal with tensions is social support. Objective: The present study was designed to investigate the status of perceived social support and its related factors in cancer patients admitted to teaching hospitals in Kerman in 1401. Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 380 cancer patients hospitalized in Afzalipur and Shahid Bahonar hospitals in Kerman. Sherburne and Stuart's social support scale was used to measure the level of social support. Data were analyzed using SPSS software. The 57th cutoff line was used to analyze the data. Univariate tests and logistic regression were used to investigate the predictive factors of high social support. Findings: More than half of the study participants (58.3%) had high social support. Based the results of regression, patients’ age (P=0.015), marital status (P=0.001), Level of education (P=0.002), and location (P=0.001) can predict perceived social support in patients. Discussion and conclusion: Cancer patients hospitalized in teaching hospitals of Kerman University of Medical Sciences had good perceived social support. Older, married, highly educated, and urban residents experienced higher social support. It is suggested to provide family-oriented care educational interventions to involve and participate more in the families of cancer patients. Also, health service providers and non-governmental organizations should help patients in identifying effective support networks and resources.
144 Special Develop a multidimensional model-based adaptation improvement protocol for women with breast cancer Mazloomhoseini Negar Bahrami ehsan Hadi Rostami Reza Firoozi Manijeh 1 4 2024 3 1 13 23 12 05 2022 26 11 2024 Introduction: Cancer is a chronic disease that requires multifaceted adaptation from the patient because it affects different aspects of life. The current research was conducted with the aim of designing a model for improving adaptation based on a multimodal model in women with breast cancer. Methodology: The current research was a qualitative research and was conducted with the database theory method. An in-depth and semi-structured interview method was used to collect data. For this purpose, 10 health psychology specialists and 10 breast cancer surgery specialists were selected as participants by purposeful sampling. The data was analyzed by Strauss and Corbin method and the main categories were obtained from the process of open coding, axial coding and selective coding. Results: It can be said that the adaptation improvement model based on the multifaceted model in women with breast cancer reached theoretical saturation with 113 primary codes, 24 concepts, 16 subcategories (components) and 5 main categories. 5 main categories related to the selective coding stage including spiritual adaptation, psychological adaptation, social adaptation, emotional adaptation and physical adaptation were named and selected. Conclusion: Health professionals active in the field of cancer can design interventions based on the components of the adaptation improvement model based on the multimodal model based on the results of the current research to help cancer patients adapt to the disease and improve the level of health.   191 Special Vitamin B12 and Its Role Against Cancer: A Narrative Review Seyed Nazari Mir Amir Hossein i Dorosti Amir Mohammad j Akbarbegloo Masumeh k i Khoy University of Medical Sciences j Khoy University of Medical Sciences k Khoy University of Medical Sciences 1 4 2024 3 1 24 38 18 01 2025 13 09 2025 Introduction: Cancer is one of the major causes of mortality in the world and the role of nutritional factors in its occurrence is well known. Vitamin B12, as one of the essential vitamins for cellular metabolism, can have potential effects in cancer prevention. This review study aimed to investigate the role of vitamin B12 in cancer and related mechanisms. Methods: This narrative review study was conducted by searching articles in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, ProQuest, Elsevier, Science Direct, Magiran, SID, IranMedex, and Irandoc databases. Articles published between 2010 and 2024 were extracted using the keywords Vitamin B12, Cancer, Carcinogen Carcinoma, Cancer prevention, and their Persian equivalents. From a total of 783 retrieved articles, after removing duplicate articles and screening abstracts, 13 final articles were selected for evaluation with the PRISMA checklist. Results: In this study, the effects of vitamin B12 on colorectal, cervical, upper gastrointestinal, and liver cancers were specifically investigated. Studies have shown that vitamin B12 can be effective in reducing the risk of cancers such as colorectal, cervical, and upper gastrointestinal cancers by improving DNA repair, regulating DNA methylation of tumor suppressor genes, and reducing chronic inflammation. On the other hand, excessive consumption of vitamin B12, especially through supplements, has been associated with an increased risk of some cancers, including liver and colorectal cancer. Consumption of natural food sources of vitamin B12 has shown more protective effects than supplements in cancer prevention. Conclusion: Vitamin B12 plays an important role in cancer prevention, but this effect may vary depending on the level and type of intake. Given the complexity of vitamin B12's effects on cancer, further research is needed to better understand its precise mechanisms and effects in different populations.   197 General Design and Psychometric Evaluation of a Instrument for Assessing Nursing Students’ skill in the Preparation of Cytotoxic Medication rostami khatereh l l Shiraz University of Medical Sciences 1 4 2024 3 1 39 50 10 11 2025 02 06 2026 Introduction: Cancer is a major public health challenge, and anticancer drugs, particularly cytotoxic agents, play a crucial role in patient treatment. The toxic nature of these drugs poses significant risks to nurses and nursing students, necessitating practical skills and strict adherence to safety protocols. This study aimed to design and psychometrically validate a culturally adapted Instrument to assess nursing students’ competencies in the safe preparation of cytotoxic drugs. Methods: This sequential mixed-methods study (qualitative–quantitative) was conducted in 2024 at Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. In the qualitative phase, 27 semi-structured interviews were conducted with nursing students, faculty members, and oncology nurses to identify the dimensions of competency. In the quantitative phase, an initial 20-item instrument was developed and refined through assessments of face, content, and construct validity. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were performed to examine the Instrument’s factor structure. Reliability was assessed using internal consistency and the test–retest method. Results: The final instrument consisted of 18 items across three dimensions: “Preparation and Dilution Skills,” “Compliance with Individual and Environmental Safety Measures,” and “Waste Management and Emergency Response.” The Instrument demonstrated excellent content and construct validity, with adequate reliability (Cronbach’s alpha > 0.60, test-retest correlation = 0.80). The three-factor model explained 68.45% of the total variance, and confirmatory factor analysis indices indicated a good model fit. Conclusion: The developed Instrument is reliable and valid, providing a comprehensive assessment of nursing students’ practical skills in the safe preparation of cytotoxic drugs. Its application can help identify competency gaps, guide the development of targeted educational interventions, and ultimately enhance patient and healthcare worker safety.